Analisis sifat fisika pemanfaatan pati tandan kosong sawit dan limbah plastik LDPE sebagai bahan pembuatan plastik biodegradabel

Abstract

This research aimed to overcome the issue of plastic packaging waste that accumulates in nature because synthetic polymers cannot be easily unraveled by bacteria. Biodegradable plastics were produced by mixing waste RI SODVWLFV RI WKH ORZ GHQVLW\ SRO\HWK\OHQH ?/'3(? ZLWK VWDUFK RI HPSW\ SDOP IUXLW EXQFKHV? PRGL¿HG ZLWK WKH addition of maleic anhydride as a crosslinking agent. To produce biodegradable plastics, different compositions of LDPE waste, starch of empty palm fruit bunch, maleic anhydride, and benzoyl peroxide were used, namely (90: 10: 1: 1), (80: 20: 1: 1), (70: 30: 1: 1), and (60: 40: 1: 1). Research stages consisted of extraction of starch IURP SDOP HPSW\ IUXLW EXQFK ?3()%?? SUHSDUDWLRQ RI ELRGHJUDGDEOH SODVWLF SRZGHU ZLWK WKH UHÀX[ PHWKRG DQG xylene solvents; and making of biodegradable plastics using the press molding method. Based on the results of characterization, it was revealed that the optimum condition was generated by biodegradable plastics with the composition of LDPE waste, starch of empty palm bunches, maleic anhydride, and benzoyl peroxide was equal to 60: 40: 1: 1, which generated the tensile strength value of 6.9410 N/m2 , the elongation at break of 3.1875%, the the melting point temperature of 103oC, and the decomposition temperature of 384o C. Besides, the thermal gravimetric test generated a residue of 12.6% and results of the analysis on morphological properties suggested that the starch distributed evenly