Infectious diseases on a general internal medicine clinical teaching unit

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe the spectrum of infectious diseases and characteristics of patients admitted with infections on a general internal medicine clinical teaching unit. DESIGN: Retrospective review of patients admitted to one general internal medicine unit at a tertiary care teaching hospital during two three-month periods. METHODS: Data collection through chart review. OUTCOME MEASURES: Descriptive analysis of types of infections: therapeutic interventions; consultations and out- comes, including death; hospital-acquired infection; and length of stay. RESULTS: During the two three-month periods, 76 of 233 (33%) and 52 of 209 (25%) admissions were associated with a primary diagnosis of infection. An additional 23 (10%) and 24 (12%) patients had infection at the time of admission, but this was not the primary admitting diagnosis. Pneumonia, urinary infection, and skin and soft tissue infection were the most frequent diagnosis at the time of admission, but these accounted for only about 50% of admissions with infection. Patients admitted with infection were characterized by a younger age, greater number of therapeutic interventions in the first 24 h, and increased medication costs, entirely attributable to antimicrobial therapy, but patients admitted with infection did not differ in comorbidity, death, nosocomial infection or length of stay compared with patients without infection. CONCLUSIONS: A wide variety of infections contribute to admissions to general internal medical clinical teaching units. Patients with infection have more interventions and an increased cost of care, but do not differ in outcome.