Applying a neurodiversity affirmative approach to the pluralistic framework

Abstract

Objectives: To date, there has been no research exploring the use of a pluralistic framework when working with neurodivergent (ND) clients. This research addresses the gap between theory and practice and explores therapist perspectives and experiences using the pluralistic framework as an ND therapist and/or when working with ND clients. Methods: Eight pluralistic therapists were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. This study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to capture lived experiences and sense-making of the participants. The therapists had a range of experiences—some were ND themselves and working with ND clients. Results: Six key themes emerged from the results: the importance of language; client strengths and cultural resources; collaboration and shared decision-making; demystifying therapy; learning events within therapy; and flexibility. These results were synthesised into two overarching themes: ND justice and the pluralistic model as a supportive framework for ND affirmative practice. The approaches within the participants' therapeutic interactions modelled a neurodiversity justice approach. There was a belief that the pluralistic framework could have been designed for neurological difference. There was a deep respect for client experience along with hearing the client, giving voice, and respecting choice embedded in the approach. The participants were able to use the model to facilitate client autonomy and normalise them being part of their own processes both in therapy and in life. Conclusion: This study provides insights into the experience of ND, which can be used to improve practice and increase knowledge in the field.