Src family-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PP1, inhibits both FcεRI- and Thy-1-mediated activation of rat basophilic leukemia cells

Abstract

Cross-linking of the surface receptor with high affinity for IgE (FcεRI) by multivalent antigen/immunoglobulin E complexes, as well as aggregation of Thy-1 glycoprotein by monoclonal antibodies lead in rat basophilic leukemia cells, clone RBL-2H3, to tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular proteins, followed by a release of secretory components. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of FcεRI- and Thy-1 mediated transmembrane signaling and to map a step at which they converge into a common secretory pathway, we used a novel Src family-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, 4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (PP1), and analyzed its inhibitory activity on cell activation. Here we show that in RBL-2H3 cells PP1 demonstrates substrate specificity for a Src family kinase Lyn. In immunocomplex kinase assays in vitro, PP1 inhibited the Lyn kinase activity at nanomolar levels without any effect on Syk kinase activity. However, in RBL cells activated via aggregation of FcεRI, phosphorylation of both Syk and Lyn kinases was inhibited. FcεRI- and Thy-1-mediated early (protein-tyrosine phosphorylation) and late (release of β-hexosaminidase) activation events were similarly affected by PP1. The inhibition was specific for membrane receptor-mediated signaling and was not observed in cells activated by an exposure to pervanadate. The combined data suggest that activation of Lyn is the early activation step at which the FcεRI- and Thy-1-mediated activation pathways of mast cells and basophils may converge.