Comparison of penetration depth based on effect of DCEP and DCEN polarity on SMAW process using E6013 with ASTM A36

Abstract

This study aims to determine the comparison of the penetration depth based on the type of Polarity DCEP (Direct Current Electrode Positive) and DCEN (Direct Current Electrode Negative)) using the SMAW welding process. (Shielded Metal Arc Welding). In the process of this research using ASTM A36 Low Carbon Steel Plate with a thickness of 6mm with a length of 200mm, Electrode E6013 RB-26 3.2mm, and with current parameters of 60 Ampere, 76 Ampere, 92 Ampere, 109 Ampere, and 121 The ampere and angle of inclination of the arc is 70 °. The method in this research is using the experimental method. Data collection techniques used Direct Observation Techniques and Descriptive Statistical Data Analysis Techniques. Testing the penetration depth of the welds with the Macro Structure Test using an Optical Microscope. The test results show that DCEP is deeper with a difference of 0.02mm compared to DCEN when the current is 60 A, DCEP is deeper with a difference of 0.05mm than DCEN when the current is 76 A, DCEP is deeper with a difference of 0.02mm compared to DCEN when the current is 96 A, DCEP is deeper with a difference of 0.08mm than DCEN when 109 A, DCEP is deeper by 0.04mm than DCEN when the current is 125 A. It can be concluded that the effect of DCEP and DCEN polarity on the depth of penetration using the E6013 electrode using ASTM A36 low carbon steel namely DCEP Polarity has a deeper penetration depth compared to DCEN.