Effects of annealing atmosphere on electrical performance and stability of high-mobility indium-gallium-tin oxide thin-film transistors

Abstract

In this study, we examined the effects of the annealing atmosphere on the electrical performance and stability of high-mobility indium-gallium-tin oxide (IGTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The annealing process was performed at a temperature of 180◦C under N2, O2, or air atmosphere after the deposition of IGTO thin films by direct current magnetron sputtering. The field-effect mobility (µFE) of the N2-and O2-annealed IGTO TFTs was 26.6 cm2/V·s and 25.0 cm2/V·s, respectively; these values were higher than that of the air-annealed IGTO TFT (µFE = 23.5 cm2/V·s). Furthermore, the stability of the N2-and O2-annealed IGTO TFTs under the application of a positive bias stress (PBS) was greater than that of the air-annealed device. However, the N2-annealed IGTO TFT exhibited a larger threshold voltage shift under negative bias illumination stress (NBIS) compared with the O2-and air-annealed IGTO TFTs. The obtained results indicate that O2 gas is the most suitable environment for the heat treatment of IGTO TFTs to maximize their electrical properties and stability. The low electrical stability of the air-annealed IGTO TFT under PBS and the N2-annealed IGTO TFT under NBIS are primarily attributed to the high density of hydroxyl groups and oxygen vacancies in the channel layers, respectively.