The entomological constraints of cowpea crop and their control method by farmers in the regions of Maradi and Zinder in Niger

Abstract

Cowpea is an important food and socio-economic crop in West Africa. However, its yield is low because of bio aggressors attack. This study was conducted with producers to identify the main entomological constraints and the control methods used. Focus groups were organized with groups of 25 to 35 producers in 20 villages of Maradi and Zinder regions. It is shown that cowpea occupies 1/3 of cultivable areas and the millet-cowpea mixed cropping is done by 47.4% of producers. The aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and the pod sucking bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal are the main pests stated by 80% of the surveyed villages. Maruca vitrata Fabricius is unknown by 83% of respondents. For the management of these pests, 37.25% of producers apply no control method, 32.2% use chemical control with synthetic pesticides. The neem seeds extracts biopesticide is known by 53% of respondents, but its method of preparation is unknown by 69.8% of respondents. This information will contribute to the development a program for the improvement of cowpea productivity and reduce rural poverty in Niger.