Análisis morfométrico de la pigmentación en especies colombianas de drosophila (diptera: Drosophilidae) del grupo repleta

Abstract

The abdominal pigmentation of geographically isolated populations of species of the repleta group, D. martensis, D. starmeri and D. uniseta (martensis cluster), was compared. Our purpose was to detect whether the distance that separated them, together with the environmental heterogeneity, are related to a process of geographic race formation. Moreover, variation in the aforementioned character was compared between D. aldrichi from the mulleri cluster, and species from the martensis-cluster species, attempting to contrast the evolutionary relationships among these species. The outline of the third-abdominal spot was digitalized with elliptic Fourier descriptors and multivariate canonical analysis for the four populations collected from Camarones (Riohacha-Guajira Department), Santa Marta (Magdalena Department) and Rosalía (Tatacoa Desert, Huila Department). Results showed significant differences in the form of the abdominal spot morphology among the species (P << 0.001). Each species preserved its taxonomic identity. Statistically significant differences (P << 0.001) were observed among the populations of D. martensis, D. starmeri and D. uniseta. The population of D. aldrichi from Tatacoa overlapped with D. martensis, which suggests a greater phenotypic relationship between these two species. The implications of these differentiations are discussed.