Proteome Comparisons between Pre-Chemotherapy and Post-Chemotherapy Serum of Metastatic Osteosarcoma Patients Reveals Potential Novel Biomarker

Abstract

This study is the first to show on differential protein profiles between serum isolated from healthy individual and metastatic osteosarcoma patients at different stages (Pre- and post-chemotherapy). The analyses have identified significant number of proteins that involved in the progression of the osteosarcoma metastasis. This data could provide a new insight in the osteosarcoma biological processes and use as a potential biomarker for better OS prognosis. Osteosarcoma (OS), a malignant bone tumour, is commonly occurs in children and young adults between the ages of 10 to 30. Although the standard treatment for OS is advancing and significantly improved the survival rate in recent years, its poor prognosis continues to remain the major problem in managing the disease. In this study, we have conducted a series of systematic analysis to identify novel proteins associated with the metastatic progression of human OS using a 4-plex iTRAQ analysis. Pooled serum samples were collected from patients who were diagnosed with metastatic osteosarcoma. The serum was collected at two stages; pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy. iTRAQ analysis identified 217 proteins with 104214 spectra from the patients’ plasma. The proteins identified were analysed using bioinformatics software and categorized according to their role in biological processes. Most of the proteins fall under cellular component organization or biogenesis (39.4%), cellular process (35.4%), biological regulation (20.0%) and immune system process (29.3%). In addition, these proteins have also shown to be significantly altered in their expression when compare between pre- and post-chemotherapy patients samples such as C-reactive proteins, vascular adhesion molecule-1 and gelsolin. To date, this is the first differential protein expression study to use metastatic osteosarcoma patients’ serum at different stages for the protein profiling. We have successfully generated a comprehensive data on the differentially expressed protein and the comparative study has revealed a significant amount of proteins expression has been altered. This data could provide a new insight in the OS biological processes and use as a potential biomarker for better OS prognosis