Scientific fraud: attack on the credibility of science

Abstract

Introduction: when referring to the term fraud in scientific research, 3 fundamental modalities of this can be defined that are consistent with the search for studies that are not easily rejected: manipulating data, plagiarism and the creation of non-existent data. Objective: to describe factors that allow the detection of scientific fraud in research. Methods: a review of the literature was carried out in the month of December 2023 through access to the databases Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, Scielo, and the search engine Google Scholar version 2022, with the strategies: ((fraud) AND (scientific writing)), ((science) AND (plagiarism)) and ((medicine) AND (artificial intelligence) AND (scientific fraud) AND (plagiarism) AND (data invention)) and their translations into the English language, limited the search to the last 5 years –from 2019 to 2023–. Results: together with the problem of predatory magazines, the terminology of hijacked magazines has emerged, it is nothing more than that which takes articles, steals names of editors, evaluators or proofreaders, and through its use, sells them to different websites. scientific studies for publication. In real and practical life this phenomenon occurs due to economic motivation. Conclusions: fraud in the world of scientific communication ranges from the authors to the editorial committees of the journals, which is why both groups must be educated in 2 fundamental factors, not committing fraud and knowing how to detect it, in order to increase in terms of credibility of current science.