Karakterisasi Karbon Aktif Kulit Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Berdasarkan Variasi Konsentrasi H3PO4 dan Lama Waktu Aktivasi

Abstract

The high carbon element in cassava peel makes researchers use it as activated carbon. This study aims to determine the characteristics of activated carbon from cassava peel (CPAC) based on the concentration of H3PO4 and activation time at 600 °C. Synthesis of CPAC using carbonization step at 500 °C, impregnation using carbon: H3PO4 1:5 (w/w) with concentration variations at 10-50%, activation at 600 °C for 2 hours. Activated carbon with optimal concentration then activated using a time variation of 1-3 hours at a temperature of 600 °C. Furthermore, the CPAC was characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX. The optimum CPAC was obtained at the concentration of H3PO4. 30% for 1 hour at 600 °C contains functional groups O–H, C–H, C–O, C≡C, and C=C, with amorphous crystallinity characterized by the absence of sharp or sharp peaks at 2theta = ~24° and ~43°. The surface morphology of CPAC showed a hollow surface dominated by C(55.20%), O(28.86%), N(8.00%), P(6.22%), and Na(1.72%).