The outcomes of biologics in patients with CRSwNP among the Omani population

Abstract

Introduction: Biologic therapies represent the latest advancement in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). While ongoing clinical trials continue to assess their efficacy and safety profiles, this study is pioneering in assessing treatment outcomes among Omani patients, marking a first for the Middle East region. Aim: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of various biologic therapies in Omani individuals diagnosed with CRSwNP, who were referred from the immunology clinic at the Royal Hospital and treated at the allergy clinic of Al−Nahdha Hospital between 2021 and 2023. Data collection tools and techniques: Data pertaining to patients were meticulously gathered by the investigators through the Al−Shifa Hospital Information System. Baseline disease severity, alongside associated comorbidities, was documented. The assessment of disease severity was conducted using the Sino−Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT−22) scoring system, evaluation of anosmia status, and endoscopic examination of polyp size. Follow−up evaluations were performed at 3− and 6−month post−treatment. Results: The study incorporated a total of 44 patients. The average number of functional endoscopic sinus surgeries (FESS) carried out among participants was 2.77 (SD = 1.939), with a maximum of 9 surgeries recorded for an individual patient. Anosmia was reported by 92.7% of participants, with 64.7% demonstrating improvement and 35.3% remaining unchanged after 6 months of treatment. The prevalence of nasal polyps across various grades diminished from 87.5% at baseline to 59.3% after 6 months. The SNOT−22 questionnaire illustrated a progressive decline in median scores, from 64.5 at baseline to 22.5 after 3 months, followed by an additional reduction of 8 points at the 6−month mark.