Design and fabrication of dual redox responsive nanoparticles with diselenide linkage combined photodynamically to effectively enhance gene expression

Abstract

Background: PEI is currently the most used non-viral gene carrier and the transfection efficiency is closely related to the molecular weight; however, the prominent problem is that the cytotoxicity increased with the molecular weight. Methods: A novel redox responsive biodegradable diselenide cross-linked polymer (dPSP) was designed to enhance gene expression. ICG-pEGFP-TRAIL/dPSP nanoparticles with high drug loading are prepared, which have redox sensitivity and plasmid protection. The trans-fection efficiency of dPSP nanoparticle was evaluated in vitro. Results: The plasmid was compressed by 100% at the N/P ratio of 16, and the particle size was less than 100 nm. When explored onto high concentrations of GSH/H2O2, dPSP4 degraded into small molecular weight cationic substances with low cytotoxicity rapidly. Singlet oxygen (1O2) was produced when indocyanine green (ICG) was irradiated by near-infrared laser irradiation (NIR) to promote oxidative degradation of dPSP4 nanoparticles. Under the stimulation of NIR 808 and redox agent, the particle size and PDI of ICG-pDNA /dPSP nanoparticle increased significantly. Conclusion: Compared with gene therapy alone, co-transportation of dPSP4 nanoparticle with ICG and pEGFP-TRAIL had better antitumor effect. Diselenide-crosslinked polysper-mine had a promising prospect on gene delivery and preparation of multifunctional anti-tumor carrier.