Retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma: Mechanisms and neuroprotective strategies

Abstract

Various cellular and molecular mechanisms that may lead to apoptotic cell death of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma are discussed. These cellular mechanisms include neurotrophic factor deprivation, ischemia, glial cell activation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and abnormal immune response. Based on experimental and clinical evidence, the rationale for various neuroprotective strategies is described. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.