Calcium channel blockers-Induced iatrogenic gingival hyperplasia: Case series

Abstract

Hypertension rightfully termed as 'Silent killer' is associated with increase in morbidity and mortality when left untreated. Calcium channel blockers are the most commonly prescribed first-line anti-hypertensive drugs in India. Calcium channel blockers are known to cause gingival hyperplasia but with lower incidence rates compared to the other two groups causing iatrogenic gingival overgrowth, immunosuppressants, and anticonvulsants. Nifedipine administration, among the calcium channel blockers, has been frequently associated with iatrogenic gingival hyperplasia. Incidence of amlodipine-induced gingival hyperplasia which has similar pharmacodynamic action like nifedipine, had been reported rarely. Here, we present a case series of drug induced gingival overgrowth caused by calcium channel blockers used for the management of hypertension. All the patient's condition improved after withdrawal of the offending drug, oral prophylaxis and intervention, and alternate drug from other first-line drugs were started for managing hypertension.