Change and Antecedents of Cannabis Consumption After the Legalization of Recreational Cannabis in Germany

Abstract

Since April 1st, 2024, recreational cannabis has been legalized in Germany. Following the legalization, an increase in cannabis consumption appeared likely; however, data supporting this statement is missing. Therefore, the current study examines changes in cannabis consumption after the legalization and investigates antecedents of cannabis use intention and behavior. Data from 605 adults were collected one month after the legalization (Time 1) and six months later (Time 2). Shortly after the cannabis legalization, attitude, subjective norm, intention, and perceived behavior control seem to be closely related to cannabis consumption. Although the data did not indicate increased cannabis consumption after the legalization, prevention programs—especially for vulnerable groups (e.g., adolescents)—should be implemented and focus on changing attitudes and perceived behavior control.