Durkheim, lo sagrado y la crisis medioambiental en la sociedad industrial contemporánea

Abstract

This paper presents a heuristic reading of The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life. It includes two parts. The first one deals with theoretical and methodological prolegomena and the second, with a practical application. The prolegomena specify previously the notions of reading and of heuristic reading, and later the heuristic value that we attribute to a series of basic durkheimian concepts. The interdependence and integration of these concepts offers a concise idea on the hard core of the sociological theory concerned with sacred and profane throughout The Forms The practical application seems vaster and more ambitious. It refers directly to the exceptional problem of climate change and the constant degradation of natural environment that we are suffering these last decades. After showing broadly the societal determinant causes of climate change, we go into the critical question of the remedies that are necessary to survive, ourselves, our children and our grand children. To study concretely these causes and these remedies, our reading of The Forms leads to consider the major importance of the crucial term of sacred. A term which, in order to employ a positive and neutral vocabulary, will be called as the founding ethical value that guides the behaviour of people and of social groups. This paper ends with an appeal to a kind of social alternative change that, following Durkheim's insights, includes simultaneously the recognition of these fundamental ethical values and a particular attention to the social and economic conditions that shape the modern life.