Effect of saponins from of Sesbania sesban L.(Merr) on acute and chronic inflammation in experimental induced animals

Abstract

Sesbania sesban L. Men: (Leguminosae) is an important medicinal plant in India, used by indigenous people to relieve rheumatic pains. The anti-inflammatory activity of Sesbania sesban L. Merr. (Leguminosae) crude saponin (SAP) was investigated for the first time. The SAP was tested for the presence of triterpenoid and steroids. The diosgenin and oleanolic acid were isolated from saponin fraction and characterized by using HPTLC and GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory activity of crude saponin was studied by in vivo animal models like carrageenan and histamine induced rat paw edema, cotton pellet granuloma, acetic acid induced vascular permeability and oxazolone induced delayed type hypersensitivity. Mechanism action of inflammation was also observed by in vitro heat induced haemolysis and inhibition of protein denaturation assay. The crude saponin (SAP) extract showed significant activity in the in vivo and in vitro model at the dose of 500 mg kg-1 body weight orally, when compared to control and standard drug. These findings showed that the crude saponin contains triterpenoid and steroidal moiety which may be contributes to the observed anti-inflammatoiy activity. © 2013 Asian Network for Scientific Information.