Advancements in electrolyte materials and hybrid integration for enhanced solid oxide fuel cell performance

Abstract

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer high efficiency and fuel adaptability but face challenges like high operating temperatures and material degradation. This study focuses on innovative solutions, including doped ceria-based electrolytes with ionic conductivity of 0.1 S/cm at 600°C, reducing operating temperature by 200°C and extending lifespan by 29.15%. Composite anodes with hierarchical pores achieved a power density of 1.2 W/cm2 (25% improvement) and maintained stability over 5000 h with <1% degradation per 1000 h. Hybrid integration with micro gas turbines improved efficiency to 69.48% (14.28% increase) and cut CO2 emissions by 21%, advancing SOFC viability as sustainable energy solution.