CONCEPTUALIZATION OF APPROACHES TO THE INTERPRETATION OF THE DEFINITION OF "INEQUALITY", ITS TYPES, MANIFESTATIONS AND CAUSES OF EMERGENCE

Abstract

The article analyzes scientific approaches to defining the concepts of "inequality", "social inequality", "economic inequality", "socio-economic inequality", "economic stratification". The main determinants and principles of the emergence of inequality and approaches to its reduction are visualized, as well as specific types and manifestations of inequality. It was established that the main criteria for assessing economic inequality are the level of income, the Gini quintile coefficient, the differentiation of wealth, the percentage of accumulation, the presence of property, the share of small and medium-sized businesses, and the level of employment. The main criteria for assessing social inequality are determined, namely: the size of the subsistence minimum, the size and composition of the population, the level of health care, the level of education, and the level of social protection. Based on the analysis of approaches to distinguishing manifestations of inequality, the article distinguishes between regional, national and global inequality. Generalization of the work of domestic and foreign scientists made it possible to improve the classification of approaches to types of economic inequality and specify manifestations of inequality inherent in each of its types. It is substantiated that technological changes, which have become an integral part of the development of entrepreneurship, are important factors influencing the change in inequality in the incomes of the population over the past few decades. With this in mind, global drivers of changes in income distribution and factors ensuring such changes within the country are determined. It was determined that the causes of income inequality among the population can be the characteristics of the households themselves, and the drivers of income inequality among the population were identified.