Comparison of two vortex models of wind turbines using a free vortex wake scheme

Abstract

Developing suitably generalized models for rotor blade vortices that accurately predict their evolution continues to be a challenge for wind turbine analysts. During the past few decades, several vortex models have been developed according to the theoretical analysis and the experimental research. A comparison of two different vortex models is made for predicting wind turbine aerodynamic performance using a free vortex wake (FVW) model. The two models are the Lamb-Oseen vortex model for laminar vortices and the β-Vatistas model for turbulent vortices. A new formula that approximates parameter β, which represents the degree of turbulence in the β-Vatistas model, is proposed. The formula of parameter β is validated by comparison of simulated and measured aerodynamic performances of wind turbines of different blade tip vortex Reynolds numbers. Then, the induced velocity streamlines and the distribution of the axial velocity in the rotational plane are simulated. Also, the differences due to the vortex models are discussed.