The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the elimination of malaria: a systematic literature review

Abstract

The rising incidence of malaria on a global scale poses a substantial public health concern, necessitating effective and innovative ways for tackling it. The review paper explores the capability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in aiding India’s attempt to eliminate malaria by 2030. Totally, 62 research articles published between 2014 and 2025 are systematically reviewed, covering AI applications in diagnosis (e.g., image-based parasite detection), treatment optimization (predictive analytics), and outbreak prediction. The main findings from research articles indicate that AI models have attained better diagnostic accuracies and significantly decreased diagnostic time as well as human error. Even though there are developments, poor data interoperability, limited rural infrastructure, and gaps in healthcare worker training are some of the major limitations. The review also analyses various AI techniques currently employed globally, which can be adapted for use in India. The paper analyses various AI techniques currently employed globally, which can be adapted for use in India. It also highlights the associated limitations that need to be addressed and suggests areas for future research. This review follows a structured and transparent approach to select, evaluate, and present the role of AI in malaria elimination.