Soil bacteria as a basis for sustainable development of the environment

Abstract

Soil is an inexhaustible source of microorganisms of significant interest to biotechnology. Bacteria are able to control the growth of pathogenic microflora, stimulate plant growth, and decompose pollutants of varying degrees of toxicity. Bacteria make a significant contribution to the cycle of substances. The aim of this work was to isolate aerobic microorganisms from soil samples of two types - forest, without technogenic history, and agro-industrial, and to evaluate their properties. 15 strains of bacteria were isolated from forest soil, of which representatives of the genera Rhodococcus, Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter were able to degrade such persistent pollutants as chlorophenols, biphenyl and naphthalene. 77 strains were isolated from chernozem, of which 15 used benzoate as the sole source of carbon and energy. Thus, it has been shown that bacterial strains isolated from both forest and agricultural soil have a certain biodegradative activity, which allows them to reduce the level of pollution.