Critical Review of Fault Detection, Fault Classification and Fault Location Techniques for Transmission Network

Abstract

The fault is an unwanted disturbance in the power system and causes interruption to the normal working condition in the system network. The need to quickly and accurately identify, classify, and locate these faults is of utmost importance. This has propelled a detailed review of the fault analysis by exploring various scientific and engineering powerful simulation tools and reliable scientific methods like artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), signal processing techniques, and recent techniques used by researchers. The system qualities, voltage, and current are used in the analysis. Fault detection, fault classification, and fault location are also discussed separately to understand better the methods used in the individual fault analysis. This study gives a critical review that guides understanding the various techniques used in fault analysis, alongside their results, test systems, and gaps in the literature.