Propagation of Chia Plants Using Plant Tissue Culture Technique

Abstract

Back Ground: The plant tissue culture technique is one of the biotechnologies that meansisolating a plant cell, tissue or organ, sterilizing it and cultivating it on sterile artificial foodmedia under conditions completely free of pathogens, and then the transplanted part developsinto a complete plant similar to the original from which it was taken. Under controlledenvironmental conditions of temperature, humidity and lighting, as defined by others as sterilecultivation of cells, tissues, organs and their components under certain chemical and physicalconditions in vitro.Objectives: This study aimed to propagate the medicinal chia plant using the technique ofplant tissue culture.Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratoryof the College of Agriculture, Anbar University. Sterilized chia seeds were sown on the MSnutrient medium equipped with the GA3 growth regulator for the purpose of obtainingvegetative growths in the cultivation tubes, at the rate of one seed per vial, using tweezerspreviously sterilized with alcohol and flame. After obtaining the required growths, the stemnodes were cut into pieces 1 cm long and planted on MS medium prepared with differentconcentrations of BA (0.5, 1, 2, 3) mg L -1 . And by interfering with NAA (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg L -1with the aim of the emergence and multiplication of vegetative branches within a factorialexperiment with two factors (4 × 4) with 10 replications for each treatment. 16 hours and 8hours dark. In the rooting experiment, different concentrations of IBA (0, 1, 2) mg L -1 wereused, interfering with BR (0, 0.1, 0.2) mg L -1 , and measurements were taken after one month. Results: It was observed through the obtained results that there were significant differencesbetween the different concentrations of growth regulators used in the experiment in themultiplication and rooting of the branches.Conclusions: Regarding the doubling stage, there is an increase in the number of branches asthe concentration of the growth regulator BA increases. For rooting, the growth regulatorbrassinosteroids outperformed auxin indole butyric acid in root lengths and numbers.Keywords: Chia Plants, Gibberellin hormone, Leaves, Stem Nodes, Tissue Culture Technique