Design, Dynamic Simulation, and Prototyping of a Dual-Axis Solar Tracker Using a Slider Crank Mechanism

Abstract

Solar trackers improve the photovoltaic energy output by keeping panels aligned with the sun throughout the day. This study introduces a novel, dual-axis solar tracking system driven by an inverted slider-crank mechanism. This system is designed to reduce the mechanical complexity and improve the energy efficiency compared to conventional tracking systems. The kinematic behavior was analyzed using GIM software and the torque and load requirements were evaluated utilizing dynamic simulation in SolidWorks Motion. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was deployed to assess the structural integrity under wind loads. The system provided a reliable tracking accuracy, smooth motion, and acceptable stress levels with a practical Factor of Safety (FOS). A prototype was built to confirm the effectiveness of the mechanism, offering a compact, low-maintenance alternative to traditional dual-axis trackers, supporting the use of solar technologies in regions with high irradiance.