Association of Emotion, Sleep Quality With Hypertension and Complications in the Elderly Population

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a highly prevalent chronic disease in the elderly population, often accompanied by serious complications, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. The present study aimed to explore the association of emotional state and sleep quality with hypertension and its complications in the elderly population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai, China, and included a total of 168,860 elderly participants, of whom 97,565 had hypertension and 65,454 had complications. Data on demographic characteristics, emotional status, sleep quality, and disease conditions were collected using the Unified Needs Assessment Form for Elderly Care Questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the data, with a particular focus on the presence of complications. Results: The results indicated that demographic variables such as age, sex, and lifestyle factors (including diet and body mass index) were significantly associated with hypertension and its complications. Hypertensive patients, particularly those with complications, exhibited significantly higher levels of emotional instability (such as irritability and fatigue) and poor sleep quality compared to non-hypertensive individuals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that emotional fluctuations and poor sleep quality were positively related to hypertension and complications. Conclusions: The results suggested that emotional health and sleep quality are important factors associated with hypertension and complications in the elderly. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive management strategies that address both psychological and sleep-related factors to improve hypertension control and prevent associated complications.