How Much is Character Education Correlated with Learning Outcomes of Islamic Religious Education Students in Indonesia: Meta-Analysis Study

Abstract

This study aims to conduct a statistical evaluation of the correlation between character education and Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning outcomes among students in Indonesia, addressing the variations in findings from previous research. A meta-correlation analysis was employed, analyzing data from 36 independent studies derived from 24 primary sources published between 2019 and 2023. The data was processed using JASP software (version 0.16.4). The analysis yielded a combined effect size of 0.30 (p < 0.001) based on a random effects model, indicating a small but statistically significant effect. These results suggest that improvements in character education are positively associated with academic achievement in Islamic Religious Education. The findings underscore the importance of integrating character education into the curriculum to enhance students' learning outcomes in PAI.