All-In-One Evaporators for Efficient Solar-Driven Simultaneous Collection of Water and Electricity

Abstract

The shortage of fossil fuels and freshwater resources has become a serious global issue. Using solar energy to extract clean water with a photothermal conversion technology is a green and sustainable desalination method. Integrated electricity generation during the desalination process maximizes energy utilization efficiency. Herein, a solar-driven steam and electricity generation (SSEG) system based on an all-in-one evaporator is prepared via a scalable technology. Carbon black is selected as the absorber for solar energy harvesting as well as the functional substance for simultaneous electricity generation. Fabric substrate with flexible structure, porous channel, and capillary effect is vital for directional brine supply, multiple solar absorption, and thermal management. The high evaporation rate (1.87 kg m−2 h−1) and voltage output (324 mV) can be achieved with an all-in-one device. The stable electricity output can be maintained over 40000 s. The SSEG performance remains constant after 15 operation cycles or 20 wash cycles. The integrated device balances excellent effectiveness and practicality, providing a viable path for clean desalination and electricity generation.