Exploring the Resurgence of a Neglected Disease: Lessons from the 2023-2024 Mpox Outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

Following the 2022 global mpox outbreak, diagnoses decreased worldwide, even in settings with limited vaccine access. In 2023-2024, a new outbreak emerged in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, highlighting the importance of continuous surveillance, preventive measures such as vaccination in vulnerable populations, and treatment options, emphasizing equitable global health technology distribution.