Theory of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Position Verification Using Time Difference of Arrival

Abstract

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) is an emerging means of aeronautical surveillance. Because ADS-B is susceptible to false aircraft information, position verification is essential. This article proposes a theoretical performance model for ADS-B position verification using the time difference of arrival (TDOA). The model was derived by considering the effects of receiver-aircraft geometry, TDOA accuracy and outliers, latency, self-localization accuracy, and detection threshold. The model was verified through a numerical simulation, flight experiment, and spoofing experiment.