Terrain Modeling and Analysis Using Earth Observation System Based Data: A Case Study of Anambra State, Nigeria

Abstract

We met terrain as the core of our existence therefore good understanding of the topography and other environmental settings improves safety. Mapping and visualization of terrain variable are the bedrock for understanding, protection, management and meaningful development of the physical environment. Integration of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques has proved to be force for sustainable development. Therefore, the aim of this study is to demonstrate how RS and GIS can be used to map and analyze topographical settings in Anambra state as a tool to solve flood hazard related problems. Landsat imagery of 30 m resolution and SRTM of resolution 30 arc seconds were entered into various GIS software for manipulation and extraction of the topographic features. These datasets were digitally processed to vital topographic features consisting of drainage networks, watershed, flow vectors, contours, Aspect, slopes, 3-D model, Profiles, land use/land cover map, population density map and road map of the study area. These digital derivatives are essential for good understanding of the regions topographical settings for further planning and policy making.