Funcionamiento básico y social de los usuarios de las viviendas supervisadas para personas con trastorno mental severo en Asturias: Necesidad de una intervención pedagógica

Abstract

The psychiatric reform changed the model of care for people with severe mental illness, opening the door to the development of alternative socio and community support. Housing is a key element in their recovery and social integration, improving clinical, personal and social. The aim of the study is to analyze the basic skills of daily living and social behavior of the users in supported housing in Asturias and evaluated the influence of the residential program in their functional profile. A questionnaire was used to interview staff and users of the accommodations. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were included: the Social Behavior Inventory (SBS) and the Basic Skills Scale of Daily Living (BELS). The accommodation users had more than four serious dysfunctions in their daily living and four serious behavior problems. The results show that there are differences in terms of gender, age and previous place of residence. The housing program reduces mental health hospitalizations, increases adherence and improves their domestic skills and activities of daily living, but not their social relations and behavior. Thus, there seems to be a need for educational intervention at the community level, and housing proves to be useful to maintain people in community, even those with different levels of difficulty in their social behavior, their symptoms and daily life skills.