Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Literature Review and State of the Art

Abstract

Skin cancer, particularly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), is becoming more common, and advanced cases often require complex surgery that can affect both aesthetics and anatomical functionality. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy, which enhances the immune system to fight cancer before surgery, has recently shown promising results in improving outcomes. This systematic review evaluated studies on this topic to describe the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in high-risk cSCC. Our review suggests that this approach not only reduces tumor burden but also leads to higher survival rates. However, the development of standardized treatment methods and further studies on this topic are needed to achieve better results in patient therapeutic management and a higher quality of life.