Navigating Cognitive Screening and Service Delivery for Sensory Impairment in Occupational Therapy

Abstract

Background. Cognitive screening tools rely on vision and hearing. However, sensory impairments, alone or in combination, can hinder the accurate identification of cognitive difficulties. Purpose. We investigated how occupational therapists adapt the administration of cognitive screening tests to clients who present with vision and/or hearing impairments as well as their self-perceived satisfaction with comprehensive service delivery with this population. Method. An online survey of Canadian occupational therapists gathered cross-sectional data on their approaches in their practice. Results. Occupational therapists reported a range of environmental and person-level accommodations. However, the type and number of accommodations provided, as well as satisfaction with service delivery, did not vary by years of experience or work setting, regardless of the sensory group (hearing, vision, or both). More challenges were observed when screening the cognition of clients with dual sensory impairment, as indicated by fewer reported assessment modifications and lower self-satisfaction with service-delivery skills. Conclusion. The results of the current study highlight the need to develop standardized and effective strategies to enhance cognitive screening for individuals with sensory impairments, along with initiatives for education and training for occupational therapists.