Climate Changing Impact on Microbes and Their Interactions with Plants: An Overview

Abstract

Global warming and climate change are the burning issues that affect all domains of life on earth directly or indirectly. In the context of microorganisms, it is now well known that diverse communities of microbes are associated with plants and play a crucial role in plant health by stimulating plant growth, enhancing resistance to diseases, biotic and abiotic stresses. Climate change is an emerging threat to disrupt plant–microbe interactions network at local to global scales. Interactions between plants and their associated microbes have critical influences on population dynamics, community composition, plant ecosystem, and on evolutionary processes. In the recent past, several researchers have highlighted that the plant microbiome has an important role in maintaining soil nutrient balance which is easily available for plants and it also provides strength to plants under stress conditions. In this review, we have highlighted recent research works related to climate influence on plant–microbe interactions and the mechanisms by which environmental factors create an impact on diverse plant-associated microbes, symbiotic associations, and plant-microbiota interactions. This review has indicated that presently, there is a great need for in-depth research in this area to increase an accurate understanding of climate change’s impact on plant–microbe interactions in nature.