Analysis of diversity using simple sequence repeat (SSR): distinctions between original Parmentiera cereifera tree and somaclones

Abstract

The possibility of culturing Parmentiera cereifera in vitro was tested. Shoot tips and lateral buds were cultured in three media that were based on Murashige and Skoog (MS) but supplemented with different types and concentrations of growth regulators. Thirty-eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were used to assess the genetic stability of the regenerated plantlets. Lateral buds recorded the highest significant mean values for shoot, root length, and the number of leaves when cultured in MS + 1.2 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 1.5 g/l of activated charcoal. Seeds were also grown in different media. The best results were obtained with MS basal medium. The resulting shoots were rooted in MS medium, with 1.5 g/l of activated charcoal. Regenerated plants were acclimatized in the greenhouse. The 38 SSR primers produced 63 scorable bands ranging from 1 to 3, with an average of 1.68 per primer. Fifty-five monomorphic bands were obtained that ranged from 0 to 3, with an average of 1.45 per primer. The coefficient of similarity matrix ranged from 0.92 to 1.0, with an average of 97.4. Dendrogram generated using the SSR data tended to group the in vitro plants with the mother plant into two major clusters. The first cluster contained 19 in vitro plants with the mother plant and consisted of 4 subgroups. The second cluster contained in vitro plants, P-15, which had the lowest genetic similarity (92%) with the mother plant. The results revealed the increase in the degree of similarity between the tested plants in the SSR analyses. Therefore, micropropagation is a safe mode for multiplication of true-to-type plants of P. cereifera.