The STEM paradox: Factors affecting diversity in STEM fields

Abstract

Women obtain more than half of U.S. undergraduate degrees in biology, chemistry, and mathematics, yet they earn less than 20% of computer science, engineering, and physics undergraduate degrees (NSF). Why are women represented in some STEM fields more than others? The STEM Paradox or Gender Equality Paradox show that countries with greater gender equality have a lower percentage of female STEM graduates. This phenomenon as well as other factors explaining gender disparities in STEM participation and some possible solutions are discussed.