Two-Hop Neighborhood Information Joint Double Broadcast Radius for Effective Code Dissemination in WSNs

Abstract

With the development of software-defined network (SDN) technology, sensor nodes can update soft codes to enable themselves to have new functions so as to make wireless sensor network (WSN) full of new vitality. However, how to spread the new code to every node in the network quickly and energy-efficient is a challengeable issue. In this paper, a Two-hop Neighborhood Information joint Double Broadcast Radius (TNI-DBR) scheme is proposed to disseminate the codes in duty cycle-based WSNs in a fast and energy-efficient style. The main innovations of this paper are as follows. The TNI-DBR scheme makes full use of the unbalanced energy consumption of the sensor network in the process of data collection and doubles the broadcast radius in the area with redundant energy so that more nodes can receive the new code in one broadcast and the broadcast range is further, which can reduce the delay of code dissemination effectively. Different from the conventional code dissemination schemes that select broadcasting nodes according to the information of the one-hop neighbors, in the TNI-DBR scheme, an O(n) two-hop neighbor information exchange algorithm is proposed to obtain the duty cycle information of the two-hop neighbors. The TNI-DBR scheme selects the best broadcasting nodes based on information in the range of two-hop neighbors to enlarge the number of active nodes and reduce the time required for code dissemination. Sufficient theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the TNI-DBR scheme can significantly optimize the performance of code dissemination. Compared to previous schemes, the delay of code dissemination can be reduced by 43.09%78.69%, the number of broadcasts can be reduced by 44.51%86.18%, and the energy utilization ratio is improved by about 24.5%.