Threatened Miscarriage and Adverse Fetomaternal Outcome Late in Pregnancy—A Prospective Study

Abstract

Aim: The study was aimed to analyze the effect of threatened miscarriage on fetomaternal outcomes late in pregnancy and thereby reduce the morbidity through better antenatal care. Materials and methods: A 1-year prospective observational study on 50 pregnant women with threatened miscarriage and 50 pregnant women with no history of vaginal bleeding was undertaken at Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre from August 2016 to July 2017. Adverse fetomaternal outcomes late in pregnancy were evaluated in both groups. Relative risk was assessed, and the association between threatened miscarriage and various outcomes was analyzed using the Chi-square test. p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The outcomes found to be significantly increased in threatened miscarriage group were preterm labor [18% vs 2%, p = 0.016, OR 10.75 (CI 1.3–88.4)], NICU admission [30% vs 10%, p = 0.023, OR 3.857 (CI 1.278–11.638)], and low birth weight (mean 2.67, SD = 0.53 vs mean 3.03, SD = 0.42). Most of the other outcomes studied were increased in the exposed group compared to the normal pregnancies, but the association was not significant. Conclusion: Preterm labor, low birth weight, and NICU admissions were significantly increased in the threatened miscarriage group. Clinical significance: Anticipation of such outcomes and measures for prediction and prevention is a question to be considered in such pregnancies to optimize the fetomaternal outcome.