Ruthenium decorated polypyrrole nanoparticles for highly sensitive hydrogen gas sensors using component ratio and protonation control

Abstract

Despite being highly flammable at lower concentrations and causing suffocation at higher concentrations, hydrogen gas continues to play an important role in various industrial processes. Therefore, an appropriate monitoring system is crucial for processes that use hydrogen. In this study, we found a nanocomposite comprising of ruthenium nanoclusters decorated on carboxyl polypyrrole nanoparticles (Ru_CPPy) to be successful in detecting hydrogen gas through a simple sonochemistry method. We found that the morphology and density control of the ruthenium component increased the active surface area to the target analyte (hydrogen molecule). Carboxyl polypyrrole (CPPy) in the nanocomposite was protonated to increase the charge transfer rate during gas detection. This material-based sensor electrode was highly sensitive (down to 0.5 ppm) toward hydrogen gas and had a fast response and recovery time under ambient conditions. The sensing ability of the electrode was maintained up to 15 days without structure deformations.