Utilization of Cupola Slag as Fine Aggregates in Green Concrete

Abstract

Cupola slag, a by-product of manufacturing operations, is derived from the cupola furnace, a staple in the casting industry utilized for melting metals. This waste material comprises residues and impurities extracted during metal melting processes within the cupola furnace. Traditionally, cupola slag was viewed solely as a disposal burden, relegated to landfills without consideration for its potential value. However, a notable shift has occurred in recent years, marked by a burgeoning interest in researching and implementing innovative strategies for repurposing industrial waste materials like cupola slag. This renewed focus stems from a collective recognition of the environmental repercussions associated with conventional waste disposal methods, coupled with a growing imperative for sustainable practices and resource conservation. The partial replacement of fine aggregate with cupola slag (CS) is an effective approach for improving concrete properties. Within M20 grade concrete, the substitution is carried out in 10-weight-percent increments ranging from 0 to 60%. This substitution is carried out with a consistent water-cement ratio. The step-by-step replacement provides valuable insights into the impact of CS on concrete mix performance across a range of proportions, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of its effects on various properties. As the percentage of cupola slag-based aggregate increased, there was a corresponding decrease in the slump of the concrete. The mechanical characteristics exhibited by the concrete were thoroughly examined during 7 and 28 days of water curing. Notably, it was observed that achieving the target strength for M20 grade concrete was successful with a 50% replacement of CS for fine aggregates. Consequently, the application of CS as a fine aggregate in concrete appears promising, offering the potential to mitigate environmental impact and contribute to efforts in addressing global warming.