A natural approach to control induced fumonisin B1-histopathological nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic changes in rats

Abstract

Among liver and kidney diseases, mycotoxin contamination of feed has become a major concern in animal feed science. A case control study was conducted to evaluate the recovery efficiency of lactic acid bacteria on serum lipid profile parameters and histopathological changes of nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1)- induced toxicity in kidney and liver of rats. Eighteen rats were randomly assigned to 12 experimental groups fed various doses of FB1 and/or co-administrated Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis DSM 20076 (LL-DSM) and Pediococcus acidilactici NNRL B-5627 (PA-NNRL) for a period of 28 days. After 2 weeks, no significant signs of toxicity in rats fed FB1 alone or co-administrated with LAB were observed. Treatments of LL-DSM and/or PA-NNRL had no effect on organs weight, lipid profile, and histopathological examination of kidney and liver tissues along the experimental period. After 4 weeks, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly increased, however the HDL-C, kidney and liver weights were significantly decreased in animals fed FB1 at doses tested. In the same line, the histopathological examination of livers and kidneys showed a series of morphological alterations in animals fed FB1, especially at the high dose (T200). Administration of LAB resulted in a significant improvement in all treatments tested as well as the histopathological patterns of liver and kidney tissues. Thus, using either LL-DSM or PA-NNRL strains could potentially expand another choice for safeguard application against immunotoxicities induced by fumonisins in many farm animal species that face inattentive exposition to this class of mycotoxins in their feedstuff.