Dynamic model and geospatial study for soil loss in the ancestral community of La Toglla

Abstract

The ancestral community of La Toglla is located in the parish of Guangopolo which has a steep slope, which together with the rainy season and its poor infiltration capacity increases its erosion problem, generating fertility problems and continuous soil deterioration; therefore, the objectives of the present work were to perform the stratified random sampling based on the elaboration of the base cartography which corresponds to the orthophoto of the plot to be studied, in turn by means of the infiltration rate of the soil, humidity variable and chemical physical parameters It is intended to perform dynamic modeling for soil loss and ordinary geo-co-Kriging statistical geography applying Geographic information systems, thus defining the most critical areas within the plot of the ancestral community of La Toglla. To determine the infiltration rate in the soil it was necessary to use the Porchet method, the calculation of the percentage of humidity in which the method and norm Gravimetry NOM-021-AS5 was applied, the pH and electrical conductivity was based on the method of pH meter HANNA / APHA-4500 HB - conductivity meter HANNA / APHA - 2510.B respectively; finally, for the evaporated and calcined dry residue, the methodology presented in NOM-AA-34-2001 referring to the 1: 5 extract of the 51 samples that were obtained in the previously determined places with stratified random sampling was used. the behavior of the variables through statistical geo modeling where the most affected area was located within the fields of study applying Ordinary Co-Kriging. Finally, the dynamic model of soil loss was considered in which the factors of the USLE formula were included, resulting in an approximate loss of 2 ton / year. It was concluded that thanks to the amount of data it can be modeled by applying Ordinary Co-Kriging having results close to reality, for which reason, the strip of maximum affectation in the Toglla fields was the same as those corresponding to the slope area medium - lower this by the deficit of organic matter and nutrient absorption.