Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Interleukin 12B Gene is Associated with Risk for Breast Cancer Development

Abstract

We analysed the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene encoding the IL-12 subunit p40 (IL12B, rs3212227, A>C) with breast cancer. The SNPs allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared between patients (n=191) and healthy (n=194) women in a case-control study from Croatia. The major allele (A) was associated with susceptibility to breast cancer (P=0.003; OR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.17-2.38). Likewise, the minor allele (C) was significantly correlated with protection (P=0.003; OR=0.60; 95% CI: 0.42-0.86). At the genotype level, AA homozygosity was significantly associated with predisposition to disease (P=0.013; OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.09-2.59), whereas the minor allele homozygosity (CC) was correlated with protection to disease (P=0.020, OR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.09-0.91). The heterozygous genotype showed no significant correlation with disease. The product of the IL12B gene (IL-12 p40) can either form a homodimeric cytokine or be part of two pro-inflammatory (IL-12 and IL-23) cytokines. It is presently unclear whether the major allele is associated with higher or lower protein levels of IL-12 p40 and IL-12 p70, which are critical in inflammation and adaptive immune responses. However, as the A allele is high producer of IL12B (p40) mRNA, these results might imply that higher levels of IL-12 p40 (either as homodimers or joined with one or both of the other two subunits) predispose to breast cancer. © 2012 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.