Geopolitical Bottlenecks and Air Transport Connectivity Between China and the UAE: Implications for BRICS+ Cooperation and Sustainable Tourism

Abstract

This paper examines the geopolitical challenges and regulatory barriers affecting direct air transport connectivity between China and the UAE, with a focus on their implications for BRICS+ cooperation and sustainable tourism development. While both countries have established strong aviation ties, factors such as regional conflicts, airspace restrictions, and diplomatic issues have hindered seamless connectivity. This study utilizes policy analysis and geopolitical risk assessments to identify key bottlenecks in existing agreements and propose strategic recommendations to enhance air transport links. By exploring the intersection of aviation policy, geopolitics, and sustainable tourism, this paper contributes to understanding the broader implications of improving BRICS+ air transport for regional economic integration and the growth of tourism in the Global South. The findings underscore the potential of aviation as a driver for sustainable development in emerging economies, particularly in the context of China–UAE relations within the BRICS+ framework.