CULTURAL LANDSCAPE AND ACCULTURATION IN SEPAKU, INDONESIA: THE ROLE OF GEOGRAPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW CAPITAL CITY DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

This research aims to elucidate the cultural landscape in Sepaku sub-district in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, addressing the need for comprehensive data on local cultural conditions and boundaries. This research uses a comprehensive approach with primary and secondary data to analyse the cultural landscape in Sepaku, which is under the Penajam Paser Utara Regency. The findings indicate that the cultural landscape is influenced by the acculturation of ethnicities, such as Paser Balik, Bugis, Javanese and Toraja. The toponymy in the sub-district reflects historical and cultural narratives, with influences from Paser Balik, Javanese, Kutai, Indonesian and Bugis languages. In addition, traditional arts, architecture and livelihoods in Sepaku show cultural diversification triggered by migration and accessibility. The varied geographical conditions, with hilly areas in the west and lowlands in the east, also influence the distribution of culture and interaction between communities. As Sepaku has been designated as the core region for the New Capital City of Indonesia, or IKN, this research provides crucial insights into how the ongoing development and urbanisation of the region may affect local cultural dynamics and the preservation of traditional identities.