Caractérisation de quelques peuplements naturels de Baobab ( Adansonia digitata L.) et des pressions subies dans les différentes zones chorologiques du Benin

Abstract

Objective: Baobab is a multipurpose tree used by local populations in Benin. However, the conservation status of its populations remains little known. This study was undertaken to assess population’s structure and to characterize the spatial distribution pattern of the species at Comè, Dassa and Matéri, localities belonging to the three chorological zones of Benin. Methodology and results: Six hundred and sixty six (666) trees were studied in the three localities. A survey was conducted with 300 respondents in the local communities in the different localities to assess the threats due to anthropogenic pressures this plant is facing. Results revealed that Baobab populations are dominated by large trees (height (15-20 m), DBH 100-150 cm) with broad crown (5-10 m), and showed a weak regeneration especially in the young fallows and farms. The spatial distribution was overall random in the study areas. The type and intensity of threats vary from one study area to another, however, extensive agriculture constitutes the major threat reported. Conclusion and application: The long-term maintenance of studied baobab populations will be compromised if the current anthropogenic pressures remain. Efforts must thus be made to lessen threats affecting the species mainly at its regeneration level. The results of this preliminary work provides baseline information that is necessary for future monitoring and detailed studies on these populations to analyze their evolution in the current context of heavy anthropogenic pressures and to propose strategies for better conservation of this important resource in Benin.