Adaptive Normalization and Feature Extraction for Electrodermal Activity Analysis

Abstract

Electrodermal Activity (EDA) has shown great potential for emotion recognition and the early detection of physiological anomalies associated with stress. However, its non-stationary nature limits the capability of current analytical and detection techniques, which are highly dependent on signal stability and controlled environmental conditions. This paper proposes a framework for EDA normalization based on the exponential moving average (EMA) with outlier removal applicable to non-stationary heteroscedastic signals and a novel set of features for analysis. The normalized time series preserves the morphological and statistical properties after transformation. Meanwhile, the proposed features expand on typical time-domain EDA features and profit from the resulting normalized signal properties. Parameter selection and validation were performed using two different EDA databases on stress assessment, accomplishing trend preservation using windows between 5 and 20 s. The proposed normalization and feature extraction framework for EDA analysis showed promising results for the identification of noisy, relaxed and arousal-like patterns in data with conventional clustering approaches like K-means over the aforementioned normalized features.