Cyanosis, hemolysis, decreased HbA1c and abnormal co-oximetry in a patient with hemoglobin M Saskatoon [HBB:c.190C > T p.His64Tyr]

Abstract

We describe a first Dutch case of Hb M Saskatoon (HBB:c.190C > T p.His64Tyr) in a 47-year-old female Dutch patient who presented with cyanosis, hemolysis, and abnormal co-oximetry. A mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 105 fL caused by reticulocytosis (160 × 109/L) and low red blood cell count (3.6 × 1012/L) suggested an increased erythrocyte turnover. An HPLC glyco-globin analysis revealed a decreased HbA1c fraction of 12.3 mmol/mmol, HbA0 of 93.3% and an additional unidentified fraction at 1.2 min. DNA sequencing revealed a missense mutation in the HBB gene, (HBB:c.190C > T p.His64Tyr), known as Hb M Saskatoon, a variant which has been previously identified as an unstable hemoglobin variant leading to methemoglobinemia and anemia. In this report, we describe the clinical and remarkable laboratory aspects of our patient with Hb M Saskatoon, and the consequences for treatment and drug use.